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Written by Jack Schrupp & endorsed by Baylee Reller, RDN
What is a dairy allergy?
A dairy allergy, also known as a milk allergy, is an adverse immune response to proteins in milk and dairy products. It is one of the most common food allergies, especially in infants and young children. Dairy contains several proteins that can trigger an allergic reaction, the two most common being casein and whey.
When someone with a dairy allergy consumes casein and whey, their immune system mistakenly identifies these proteins as harmful and mounts an immune response. This response can cause rashes, swelling, digestive symptoms, respiratory issues, and, in severe cases, anaphylaxis.
Dairy allergies are different from lactose intolerance, which is the inability to completely digest lactose, the sugar in milk. Lactose intolerance typically causes gastrointestinal side effects like gas, bloating, and diarrhea, whereas a dairy allergy involves an immune response that can lead to a wider range of symptoms.